Is an Adult Family Home Right for You?

Quick Answer

Who can open an adult family home in Washington?

An adult who has at least 1,000 hours of direct caregiving experience in the previous 60 months (or qualifies for a DSHS exemption such as RN, LPN, CNA, or Medicare-certified home health aide), completes 75-hour Home Care Aide training and the AFH Administrator course, passes a DSHS background check, and can communicate in English. The provider may be an individual or a business entity that designates a qualified Entity Representative. Expect three to six months from application to first resident and $20,000 to $50,000 or more in startup costs.

An adult family home is a 24-hour business run out of a house. Residents may need help at 2 a.m. as much as 2 p.m., they decline, and some pass away in your home. DSHS inspects without notice and expects continuous documentation. The providers who do well are the ones who went in understanding all of that.

Six questions to ask first

Can you or a qualified caregiver be present at all times? Are you prepared for the emotional weight of end-of-life care? Can you sustain meticulous, ongoing documentation? Can you fund three to six months and $20,000 to $50,000 before revenue? Do you have 1,000 hours of hands-on care experience? Can you and your staff communicate in English, including in emergencies?

Individual provider vs. entity provider

An individual holds the license personally and is responsible for every requirement; DSHS issues one license per provider. An entity (LLC, corporation, partnership) holds the license and designates an Entity Representative who meets all individual qualifications; a person may represent only one entity.

Your path forward

Start Home Care Aide training (unless exempt) and enroll in AFH Administrator Training at a Washington community college. Have the home reviewed against the WABO checklist before applying. Use the DSHS locator to gauge how many licensed homes already operate in your ZIP code. Apply through the DSHS BAAU portal; there is no fixed processing timeline.

Common questions

How much caregiving experience do I need?

DSHS requires at least 1,000 hours of direct caregiving experience in the previous 60 months, or one of the approved professional exemptions.

How long does it take to open an adult family home?

Typically three to six months from application to first resident, though DSHS sets no fixed timeline and building modifications can extend it.

About the author: David Stein is a Washington State licensed real estate broker (eXp Realty, license #133972) and a Washington State certified residential appraiser (Stein Appraisal, license #1702080), with more than 20 years of experience in both disciplines. More about David.

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David Stein — Washington State Licensed Real Estate Broker — David Stein's real estate license is held under eXp Realty

Washington State Certified Residential Appraiser — Stein Appraisal

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